|
An Etymological Dictionary of Chinese Characters
Interpretations by Lawrence J. Howell and Hikaru Morimoto |
| Covering 6,500 Chinese characters as used in Japan |
Japanese-English Glossary of KUN-Reading Terms
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This glossary is inclusive for KUN readings of the 1,945 Everyday Use Characters.
あ い う え お か き く け こ さ し す せ そ た ち つ て と な に ぬ ね の は ひ ふ へ ほ ま み む め も や ゆ よ わ
There are no KUN readings beginning with ら・り・る・れ・ろ.
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あ
あい 相 mutual; together; emphatic verbal prefix
あいだ 間 between; among; interval; during; time
あ(う) 会 meet; assemble; interview
あ(う) 合 fit; suit; match; be correct; agree/coincide with;
correspond to
あ(う) 遭 meet; encounter; be subject to
あお 青 green; blue; immature
あお(い) 青 green; blue; immature
あお(ぐ) 仰 look up (at/to); respect; revere; depend on;
take(poison/medicine)
あか 赤 red
あか(い) 赤 red
あ(かす) 明 disclose; confide; spend/pass (the night)
あ(かす) 飽 bore (another); do to a great degree
あかつき 暁 dawn; daybreak
あか(める) 赤 redden
あか(らむ) 明 become light
あか(らむ) 赤 redden
あか(らめる) 赤 redden
あ(がり) 上 rise; ascent; readiness; completion; just after
あ(がる) 挙 raise (a point); indicate; be arrested
あ(がる) 上 go up; climb; enter; complete; end
あ(がる) 揚 rise; be raised; be (deep) fried
あか(るい) 明 light; bright; lively; conversant with
あか(るむ) 明 become light
あき 秋 autumn; fall
あきな(い) 商 business; commerce; trade
あきな(う) 商 conduct business; deal in
あき(らか) 明 clear; evident; obvious
あ(きる) 飽 get tired/weary of; be satiated; be fed up with
あ(く) 開 open
あ(く) 空 be vacant/empty
あ(く) 明 be open; be visible
あ(く) 飽 get tired/weary of; be satiated; be fed up with
あ(くる) 明 the next/following (day/week/year)
あけ 明 the end
あげ 揚 deepfrying; deepfried food
あ(げて) 挙 all together; in a body
あ(ける) 開 open; make/drill a hole
あ(ける) 空 leave space; vacate; empty (out)
あ(ける) 明 become light; dawn; begin; end
あ(げる) 挙 raise; demonstrate; nominate; arrest; hold
(a ceremony)
あ(げる) 上 raise; increase; improve
あ(げる) 揚 raise; elevate; (deep) fry
あさ 麻 hemp; linen
あさ 朝 morning
あざ 字 small administrative unit (of a town/village)
あさ(い) 浅 shallow; slight
あざむ(く) 欺 deceive; trick; cheat
あざ(やか) 鮮 bright; vivid; brilliant; skillful
あし 脚 leg
あし 足 leg
あじ 味 taste; flavor; zest
あじ(わい) 味 taste; flavor; zest
あじ(わう) 味 taste; enjoy (food); relish; appreciate
あず(かる) 預 keep (for another); deposit; entrust
あず(ける) 預 keep (with another); deposit; entrust
あずま 東 east; (in historical usage) eastern Japan
あせ 汗 sweat
あせ(る) 焦 be in a hurry; be impatient/anxious; be hasty
あそ(ばす) 遊 let play; leave free/idle; deign to
あそ(ばせる) 遊 let play; leave free/idle; deign to
あそ(び) 遊 play; game; pastime; diversion; amusement; pleasure;
play (of a steering wheel)
あそ(ぶ) 遊 play; enjoy/amuse oneself; have fun; visit; take a
vacation; be idle; be out of use
あたい 価 value; price
あたい 値 value; price
あた(える) 与 give; grant
あたた(か) 温 warm
あたた(か) 暖 warm
あたた(かい) 温 warm
あたた(かい) 暖 warm
あたた(まる) 温 become warm; warm up
あたた(まる) 暖 become warm; warm up
あたた(める) 温 warm/heat up
あたた(める) 暖 warm/heat up
あたま 頭 head; hair (on the head); top; beginning; brains;
intellect; the mind
あたら(しい) 新 new
あた(り) 辺 vicinity
あ(たり) 当 a hit; a guess; correct guess
あ(たる) 当 hit; strike; be on the mark
あつ(い) 厚 thick; heavy; warm(hearted)
あつ(い) 熱 hot
あつ(い) 暑 hot
あつか(い) 扱 disposal; handling; treatment
あつか(う) 扱 dispose; handle; treat; deal with
あつ(まる) 集 gather; collect; assemble
あつ(める) 集 gather; collect; assemble
あ(て) 当 an aim; purpose; an object; expectation
あ(てる) 当 hit; put/place against; be on the mark; guess
あ(てる) 充 assign; allot; allocate
あと 後 back; rear; behind; after; later; successor;
the remainder; (time) remaining
あと 跡 marks; traces; remains; ruins
あな 穴 hole
あなど(る) 侮 make light of; scorn; despise
あに 兄 elder brother
あね 姉 elder sister
あば(く) 暴 expose; reveal
あば(れる) 暴 act violently
あ(びせる) 浴 pour (water); shower (with punches); heap upon
あ(びる) 浴 bathe; shower; bask (in sunshine); be under fire;
receive/be subjected to
あぶ(ない) 危 dangerous; risky; critical (condition); uncertain;
unreliable; dubious; close/narrow (escape)
あぶら 脂 fat; grease; resin
あぶら 油 oil
あま 雨 rain
あま 尼 nun
あま(い) 甘 sweet; mild; lenient; indulgent; insufficiently
serious; overly optimistic; loose
あま(える) 甘 act like a spoiled child; take advantage
あま(す) 余 leave (over)
あま(やかす) 甘 indulge; spoil
あま(り) 余 surplus
あま(る) 余 be left over
あま(んじる) 甘 be content (with); be resigned (to); accept
あま(んずる) 甘 be content (with); be resigned (to); accept
あみ 網 net; web
あ(む) 編 knit; edit
あめ 雨 rain
あめ 天 the sky/heavens
あや(うい) 危 dangerous; risky; critical (condition); uncertain;
unreliable; dubious; close/narrow (escape)
あや(うく) 危 nearly; almost; barely
あや(しい) 怪 strange; mysterious; dubious
あや(しげ) 怪 strange; mysterious; dubious
あや(しむ) 怪 doubt; suspect; wonder
あやつ(り) 操 manipulation; puppet; marionette
あやつ(る) 操 manipulate; operate; manage; pull strings
あや(ぶむ) 危 fear (for); be anxious; doubt
あやま(ち) 過 mistake; error; fault
あやま(つ) 過 err
あやま(り) 誤 mistake; error
あやま(る) 誤 make a mistake; err
あやま(る) 謝 apologize
あゆ(む) 歩 walk
あら(い) 荒 rough; violent; wild
あら(い) 粗 coarse; rough
あら(う) 洗 wash; rinse
あら(す) 荒 devastate; lay waste to
あらそ(い) 争 struggle; fight; competition
あらそ(う) 争 struggle; fight; compete
あら(た) 新 new
あらた(まる) 改 be renewed; be replaced; be improved;
be formal/ceremonious
あらた(めて) 改 again; another time
あらた(める) 改 renew; reform; correct; change; check
あら(っぽい) 荒 rough; violent; wild
あらわ(す) 現 show; appear; reveal
あらわ(す) 表 express
あらわ(す) 著 write
あらわ(れる) 現 appear; emerge
あらわ(れる) 表 appear; be expressed
あ(る) 有 have; be; exist
あ(る) 在 be; exist
ある(く) 歩 walk
あ(れ) 荒 rough/stormy weather; roughness; chapping
あ(れる) 荒 become rough/stormy; go to ruin
あわ 泡 bubble; foam; froth
あわ(い) 淡 light; slight; faint
あ(わす) 合 put together; join; add (to); combine; set/adjust (a device);
adapt oneself to; (make) fit; check (with/against)
あ(わせる) 合 put together; join; add (to); combine; set/adjust (a device);
adapt oneself to; (make) fit; check (with/against)
あわ(せる) 併 unite; put together
あわ(ただしい)慌 busy; hurried; rushed; bustling
あわ(てる) 慌 be flustered; panic; be confused
あわ(れ) 哀 pity; compassion; grief; pathos
あわ(れむ) 哀 pity; have compassion for; have mercy on
い
い 井 well
い 胆 gallbladder
い(う) 言 say; speak; talk; tell; express; order; call; mean
いえ 家 house; home; family
い(かす) 生 spare a life; bring back to life; make use of
いか(り) 怒 anger
いか(る) 怒 get angry
いき 息 breath; breathing
いきお(い) 勢 force; power; energy
いきどお(り) 憤 wrath; anger; resentment
いきどお(る) 憤 be enraged; be angry; resent
い(きる) 生 live (v.); make a living; be/remain valid
いく 幾 some; how much; how many
い(く) 行 go
いくさ 戦 war
いけ 池 pond
い(ける) 生 arrange flowers/plants
いこ(い) 憩 rest; relaxation
いこ(う) 憩 rest; relax
いさぎよ(い) 潔 pure; righteous; manly
いさ(ましい) 勇 brave; courageous; spirited
いさ(む) 勇 be in high spirits
いし 石 rock; stone
いしずえ 礎 foundation stone; cornerstone
いずみ 泉 spring; fountain
いそが(しい) 忙 busy
いそ(ぐ) 急 hurry; hasten
いた 板 board
いた(い) 痛 painful; sore; aching; trying
いた(く) 痛 extremely
いだ(く) 抱 have; harbor (ideas etc.)
いただき 頂 top; summit
いただ(く) 頂 receive; eat
いた(ましい) 痛 pitiful; miserable; tragic; horrible
いた(み) 痛 (a) pain; (an) ache
いた(む) 傷 be damaged/worn; be bruised/spoiled
いた(む) 悼 lament; grieve; mourn
いた(む) 痛 hurt; feel pain
いた(める) 傷 damage; cause to spoil; harm
いた(める) 痛 hurt; injure; cause pain/damage
いた(す) 致 do; exert oneself; cause; bring about
いた(る) 至 arrive; reach; extend (to); lead to; proceed; result in
いち 市 market; city
いちじる(しい)著 marked; striking
いつ 五 five
いつく(しみ) 慈 love; affection
いつく(しむ) 慈 love; treat tenderly
いつ(つ) 五 five
いつわ(り) 偽 lie; fabrication; deception
いつわ(る) 偽 lie; fabricate; deceive
いと 糸 thread; string; yarn
いとな(む) 営 be engaged in; practice (law/medicine); run (a
business); perform (a ceremony); build
いど(む) 挑 challenge; attempt; defy
いな 否 no
いな 稲 rice plant
いな(や) 否 whether or not; as soon as; no sooner than
いぬ 犬 dog
いね 稲 rice plant
いのち 命 life
いの(り) 祈 prayer
いの(る) 祈 pray; wish/hope (for)
いま 今 now
いまし(め) 戒 admonition; instruction; prohibition; warning
いまし(める) 戒 admonish; instruct; prohibit; warn
い(まわしい) 忌 detestable; disgusting; ominous
い(み) 忌 mourning; abstinence; taboo
い(む) 忌 detestable; disgusting; shun; make a taboo of
いも 芋 potato
いもうと 妹 younger sister
いや 否 no
いや 嫌 disagreeable; unpleasant
いや(がる) 嫌 dislike; hate; unwilling to do
いや(しい) 卑 greedy; vulgar; mean; base; humble
いや(しむ) 卑 despise
いや(しめる) 卑 despise
い(る) 居 be; exist; stay; live
い(る) 要 want; need; require
い(る) 入 enter; go/come in
い(る) 射 shoot/fire off (an arrow); let fly
い(る) 鋳 cast; mint; coin
い(れる) 入 put in; let in; take in; hold/accommodate; carry/stock
(goods)
いろ 色 color; looks; appearance
いろど(る) 彩 color; decorate
いわ 岩 rock; crag
いわ(い) 祝 a celebration; festival; congratulations
いわ(う) 祝 congratulate; celebrate; commemorate
う
う(い) 憂 sadness; disappointment
うい 初 first; first time; beginning
う(いた) 浮 buoyant; cheerful
うえ 上 top; above; on; up(per); beyond
う(える) 飢 starve; hunger (for)
う(える) 植 plant; set upright
うお 魚 fish
うかが(い) 伺 making inquiry; visiting
うかが(う) 伺 inquire after/about; hear; visit
う(かされる) 浮 be carried off; be delirious
う(かぶ) 浮 float; (rise to the) surface; occur to
う(かべる) 浮 set afloat
う(かる) 受 pass an exam
う(かれる) 浮 be buoyant/in high spirits
う(く) 浮 float; (rise to the) surface; save (money)
う(け) 受 receptacle; receiving; reputation; popularity;
support(ing)
うけたまわ(る)承 hear; accept
う(ける) 請 redeem; (sub)contract
う(ける) 受 receive; catch (a ball); accept; take an exam;
undergo; sustain (damage); be popular; be a success
うご(かす) 動 move; shift; transfer; put into action; operate (a
machine); run (a machine/an enterprise)
うご(き) 動 movement(s); change; developments; activities
うご(く) 動 move; (of a machine) run; work; go into action
うし 牛 cow
うじ 氏 clan; lineage; family name; birth; background
うしな(う) 失 lose; miss (an opportunity)
うし(ろ) 後 back; rear; behind
うず 渦 whirlpool; eddy
うす(い) 薄 thin; light; pale
うす(める) 薄 dilute; weaken
うす(らぐ) 薄 become thin/dim; fade
うす(れる) 薄 become thin/dim; fade
うた 歌 song; poem; tanka
うた(う) 歌 sing
うたが(い) 疑 a doubt; a question; suspicion
うたが(う) 疑 doubt; suspect
うたが(わしい)疑 doubtful; questionable; suspicious
うち 内 (the) inside; within; among; between
う(つ) 打 hit; strike
う(つ) 討 attack; subjugate; avenge oneself
う(つ) 撃 shoot; fire; attack
うつく(しい) 美 beautiful
うつ(す) 映 reflect; project
うつ(す) 写 copy; duplicate; transcribe; photograph
うつ(す) 移 move; transfer; change
うった(える) 訴 sue; charge; complain; resort to; touch/move (one)
うつ(る) 映 be reflected; match/go with
うつ(る) 写 be photographed; be projected (on)
うつ(る) 移 move; be transferred; change
うつわ 器 container; vessel; receptacle; ability
うで 腕 arm; talent; ability
うと(い) 疎 ignorant; unfamiliar (with)
うと(ましい) 疎 disagreeable
うと(む) 疎 shun; neglect
うと(んじる) 疎 shun; neglect
うなが(す) 促 urge; press; stimulate; draw attention to
うね 畝 ridge; furrow; rib (in ribbed cloth)
うば(う) 奪 take by force; rob; deprive; be riveted/captivated by
うま 馬 horse
う(まる) 埋 be buried; be filled (with)
う(まれる) 産 be born
う(まれる) 生 be born
うみ 海 sea; ocean
う(む) 産 give birth; produce
う(む) 生 give birth; produce
うめ 梅 plum (tree)
う(める) 埋 bury; fill (with)
う(もれる) 埋 be buried
うやうや(しい)恭 respectful; reverential
うやま(う) 敬 respect
うら 裏 (the) back; (the) reverse; (the) opposite; lining; (in)
secret; behind the scenes; (the) sole;
bottom half (of an inning)
うら 浦 inlet; bay; seashore
うらな(い) 占 divination
うらな(う) 占 divine (v.)
うら(む) 恨 hold a grudge; blame; resent
うら(めしい) 恨 reproachful; hateful; bitter
う(る) 売 sell
う(る) 得 acquire; gain; be able to
うるお(う) 潤 be moistened; benefit from
うるお(す) 潤 moisten; benefit
うるし 漆 lacquer
うる(む) 潤 become moist; be dim/cloudy
うるわ(しい) 麗 beautiful; lovely
うれ(い) 憂 anxiety
うれ(い) 愁 grief; sorrow; distress
うれ(える) 憂 be anxious/worried
うれ(える) 愁 grieve; lament
う(れる) 売 sell; be in demand
う(れる) 熟 ripen
うわ 上 top; above; on; up(per); beyond
う(わる) 植 be planted
え
え 江 inlet; bay
え 柄 handle; grip; shaft
え 重 fold; ply
えが(く) 描 draw; paint; describe
えだ 枝 branch; bough; twig
え(む) 笑 smile; bloom
えら(い) 偉 great; renowned
えら(ぶ) 選 select; choose
えり 襟 collar
え(る) 獲 catch (prey)
え(る) 得 acquire; gain; be able to
お
お 雄 male
お 御 honorary prefix
お 尾 tail
お 小 small; little
お 緒 cord
お(い) 老 old age; elderly (person)
お(う) 負 carry on the back; bear (a load); be shouldered with
(responsibility); owe; sustain (an injury)
お(う) 生 grow
お(う) 追 follow; pursue; add; catch up with; drive off/out;
expel
おうぎ 扇 (folding) fan
お(える) 終 finish (v.)
おお 大 big; large; great
おお(い) 多 much; many
おお(う) 覆 cover; cover up; spread over
おお(きい) 大 big; large; great; full; spacious
おお(せ) 仰 another’s commands/wishes
おおやけ 公 public; official; governmental
おか 丘 hill; mound
おか(す) 冒 risk; brave; dare; have a bad effect on; damage
おか(す) 犯 commit a crime/sin; violate
おか(す) 侵 invade; infringe (on)
おが(む) 拝 worship; pray to
お(き) 置 every; every other (day/month etc.); be placed; stand
おき 沖 offshore; offing; open sea
おぎな(う) 補 supply; supplement; compensate; make up for
お(きる) 起 awake; stay awake; get up; occur
おく 奥 inner part; secret; back room; wife
お(く) 置 place; set; put; leave as is; deal with; position (an
object)
おく(らす) 遅 delay; defer
おく(る) 贈 give; present
おく(る) 送 send
おく(れる) 後 lag (behind); be behind (the times); be late
おく(れる) 遅 be late; be delayed; lag behind; (of clocks) lose time
お(こす) 起 raise (up); give rise to; awaken (another); establish;
start; begin
おこ(す) 興 promote; make prosperous
おごそ(か) 厳 solemn
おこた(る) 怠 neglect; be inattentive
おこ(る) 興 become prosperous; become prevalent
おこな(う) 行 do; conduct; perform
お(こる) 起 occur; arise; be caused/generated by; originate in
おこ(る) 怒 get angry
お(さえ) 押 a weight; control
おさ(える) 抑 suppress; repress
お(さえる) 押 hold/press (against); hold down; catch; arrest
おさな(い) 幼 infant
おさ(まる) 納 be delivered; be paid; be settled; be content with
おさ(まる) 修 govern/conduct oneself
おさ(まる) 治 calm/settle down; subside; control
おさ(まる) 収 put in/away; be restored; be replaced; be settled
おさ(める) 納 accept (a gift, or a situation); supply; pay; finish
おさ(める) 修 master; conduct oneself well
おさ(める) 治 quell; control; govern
おさ(める) 収 gather; collect; obtain; put in/away
お(し) 押 a weight; a push; influence
お(しい) 惜 dear; precious; regrettable; pitiful; wasteful;
disappointing
おし(え) 教 teaching; lesson; precept
おし(える) 教 teach; instruct; give lessons; tell/show (how to do)
お(しむ) 惜 hold/regard dear; spare; grudge; be reluctant; lament
おす 雄 male
お(す) 押 push; thrust; shove; press; stamp (papers/a passport
etc.)
お(す) 推 recommend; suppose; assume
おそ(い) 遅 slow; late
おそ(う) 襲 attack; sweep over; succeed (to)
おそ(らく) 恐 probably; possibly
おそ(れ) 恐 fear; awe; apprehension; concern
おそれ 虞 fear; apprehension; concern
おそ(れる) 恐 fear
おそ(ろしい) 恐 terrible; horrible; dreadful; fierce; tremendous
おそ(わる) 教 learn; be taught
おだ(やか) 穏 calm; quiet; peaceful; moderate
お(ち) 落 omission; mistake; outcome; punch line
おちい(る) 陥 fall (into)
お(ちる) 落 fall; drop; collapse; come off/out; be missing; fail (a
test); be inferior; die down; decline
おっと 夫 husband
おと 音 sound; noise
おとうと 弟 younger brother
おど(かす) 脅 frighten; startle
おど(す) 脅 threaten; frighten
おとこ 男 man
お(とし) 落 (a) trap
おとしい(れる)陥 entrap; capture
お(とす) 落 drop; remove; lose; trap; trick; omit
おとず(れる) 訪 visit; come
おど(り) 踊 dancing; a dance
おと(る) 劣 be inferior to
おど(る) 躍 spring up; leap; leap about; dance
おど(る) 踊 dance; manipulate
おとろ(える) 衰 weaken; decline
おどろ(かす) 驚 astonish; surprise; frighten; shock
おどろ(き) 驚 a surprise; amazement; a shock
おどろ(く) 驚 be astonished/surprised/frightened/shocked;
wonder/marvel at
おな(じ) 同 same; equal
おに 鬼 demon; devil; spirit; ogre
おのおの 各 each/every person
おのれ 己 (one)self
おび 帯 belt; zone
おびや(かす) 脅 threaten
お(びる) 帯 wear; carry; accompany
おぼ(える) 覚 learn; remember; memorize; bear in mind; feel
おも 面 face; surface
おも 主 main; principal
おも(い) 思 (a) thought; consideration; belief
おも(い) 重 heavy; depressing; serious; important
おも(う) 思 thought; think; consider; believe
おも(さ) 重 weight
おも(たい) 重 heavy; depressing; serious; important
おもて 面 face; surface
おもて 表 surface; face; front; outdoors; top half (of an inning)
おも(み) 重 weight; importance
おもむき 趣 import; purport; tenor; contents; aspect; appearance
おもむ(く) 赴 go/proceed to; get/become; tend to
おも(んじる) 重 place weight on/attach importance to
おも(んずる) 重 place weight on/attach importance to
おや 親 parent; group leader
およ(ぐ) 泳 swim
およ(び) 及 and; as well as
およ(ぶ) 及 reach; extend (to); amount to; equal; come to
およ(ぼす) 及 exert (upon); extend (to); affect
おり 折 suitable time/moment; opportunity
お(り) 折 (a) fold; folded object; small wooden box
お(り) 織 fabric; weave
お(りる) 下 come/go down; be obtained
お(りる) 降 fall; get off (a train/bus); get out of (a car); retire;
give up
お(る) 折 fold; break; bend
お(る) 織 weave (v.)
お(れる) 折 be folded; break; be broken; turn; yield to
おろ(か) 愚 foolish; stupid; silly
おろ(かしい) 愚 foolish; stupid; silly
おろし 卸 wholesale
お(ろす) 下 lower; remove; grate; withdraw; abort (a fetus)
お(ろす) 降 drop/let off (a passenger); unload; lower; abort (a
fetus)
おろ(す) 卸 sell at wholesale (prices)
お(わり) 終 finish; end; the close; termination; conclusion
お(わる) 終 finish (v.); end (v.); terminate
おん 御 honorary prefix
おんな 女 woman
か
か 日 day (of the month)
か 蚊 mosquito
かい 貝 shellfish; (sea) shell
かいこ 蚕 silkworm
か(う) 交 exchange (greetings/messages)
か(う) 買 buy
か(う) 飼 keep (a pet); raise (animals)
か(え) 替 a change; a substitute; a spare; a replacement
かえ(す) 帰 send (someone) back; let (someone) return
かえ(す) 返 return; turn over
かえり(みる) 顧 look back on; reflect on; take note of; pay attention to
かえり(みる) 省 ponder
か(える) 換 exchange; change
かえ(る) 帰 return; leave
かえ(る) 返 return; be returned; reverse
か(える) 変 change
か(える) 代 substitute (for); take the place (of)
か(える) 替 replace
かお 顔 face; countenance; influence
かお(り) 香 fragrance; scent; perfume
かお(り) 薫 fragrance; scent; perfume
かお(る) 香 be fragrant
かお(る) 薫 be fragrant
かか(える) 抱 hold; have; carry
かか(げる) 掲 put up; hoist; run (an article); declare
か(かす) 欠 miss (a class/meeting etc.)
かがみ 鏡 mirror
かがや(き) 輝 brightness; brilliance; radiance
かがや(く) 輝 shine; sparkle; glitter; twinkle; gleam
か(かり) 掛 (of an engine) start/catch; connection/relation;
expenses
かか(り) 係 person in charge
か(かる) 架 build; span
かか(る) 係 affect; modify (a verb)
か(かる) 懸 hang; hang/depend on
か(かる) 掛 hang; be covered with/by; be splashed; be locked; be
caught; be tied (up); (of an engine) start/catch; attack;
be subject to; be suspected of; be connected/related;
be involved in; call (out); be brought up; be anxious about;
depend on; take/require (time); pay; carry (insurance);
(of a play/movie) be showing/playing; set about
かか(わり) 係 connection; relation
かか(わる) 係 be connected (with)
かき 垣 fence; hedge
かぎ(り) 限 (a) limit; to the greatest extent possible
かぎ(る) 限 limit; restrict
か(く) 欠 break; chip; lack; be missing
か(く) 書 write
かく(す) 隠 hide; conceal
かく(れる) 隠 hide; conceal; be hidden/concealed
か(け) 欠 broken piece; fragment
かげ 陰 shade; back/behind
かげ 影 light; shadow; image; reflection; figure; trace
か(ける) 架 build; span
か(ける) 欠 break off; chip (off); lack; be missing; wane
か(ける) 懸 offer (a prize); do at the risk of
か(ける) 掛 hang; put (on a stove/fire); cover; sprinkle; pour;
lock; fasten; grasp; catch/snare; bind; put/set up;
be in charge; weigh; fix; wear; multiply;
begin to/be on the point of
か(ける) 駆 gallop; run; ride
かげ(る) 陰 be shaded; darken; be obscured
かこ(む) 囲 surround; enclose; encircle; besiege
かさ 傘 umbrella; parasol
かざ 風 wind
かさ(なる) 重 be piled upon; occur simultaneously
かさ(ねる) 重 pile (up); do repeatedly
かざ(り) 飾 ornament; adornment; decoration(s)
かざ(る) 飾 ornament; adorn; decorate; display; be ostentatious
かし 貸 a loan; lending; renting; for rent; bill
かしこ(い) 賢 wise; intelligent
かしら 頭 head; leader; top
か(す) 貸 lend; loan; rent
かず 数 (a) number
かぜ 風 wind; trend; atmosphere; taste; custom
かせ(ぐ) 稼 earn (a living); work; gain
かぞ(える) 数 count
かた 肩 shoulder
かた 形 shape; form; style
かた 型 mold; model; pattern; conventional form/idea
かた 方 direction; side; person; method
かた 片 one (of a pair/set); one side
かた 潟 lagoon
かた(い) 堅 hard; solid; firm; serious; formal
かた(い) 固 hard; tight; firm; strict; rigid
かた(い) 硬 hard; stiff; stern
かた(い) 難 difficult
がた(い) 難 difficult (to do)
かたき 敵 enemy; rival; competitor
かたち 形 shape; form; style
かたな 刀 sword
かたまり 塊 lump; clod; cluster; group
かた(まる) 固 harden; solidify; stiffen; jell; collect; settle
かたむ(く) 傾 tilt; lean; incline; list (to one side); slant; sink;
decline
かたむ(ける) 傾 tilt; lean; incline; squander; ruin; concentrate (on)
かた(める) 固 harden; strengthen; solidify; fortify; settle (down);
collect
かたよ(る) 偏 lean; incline; be biased
かた(る) 語 talk; tell; narrate
かたわ(ら) 傍 (by the) side (of); besides
か(ち) 勝 victory; a win
か(つ) 且 besides; also; furthermore
か(つ) 勝 win; defeat; be predominant
かつ(ぐ) 担 shoulder a load
かて 糧 food; provisions; nourishment
かど 角 corner; edge; harshness
かど 門 gate
かな 金 metal
かな(しい) 悲 sad
かな(しみ) 悲 sadness
かな(しむ) 悲 lament; grieve
かな(でる) 奏 play an instrument
かなら(ず) 必 surely; certainly; not fail to
かね 金 money; metal
かね 鐘 bell
か(ねて) 兼 simultaneously
か(ねる) 兼 combine; serve/perform concurrently
かぶ 株 stump; stock; share(s)
かべ 壁 wall
かま 窯 kiln; oven
かま(う) 構 care about; mind; interfere; show hospitality
かま(え) 構 structure; style; posture; attitude
かま(える) 構 build; assume a posture/an attitude; prepare; feign
かみ 髪 hair
かみ 上 up(per); first (half); emperor
かみ 紙 paper
かみ 神 mysterious power; God; god
かみなり 雷 thunder; lightning
かも(す) 醸 brew; cause; give rise to
かよ(い) 通 going back and forth (to work, school etc.)
か(よう) 通 go back and forth; commute; attend a school;
frequent (a particular place); run between
two points; run through
から 空 empty
から 殻 shell; husk
から 唐 China
がら 柄 pattern; figure; (person’s) build; character
から(い) 辛 spicy; bitter
か(らす) 枯 let (a plant) die
からだ 体 body
から(まる) 絡 coil around; get entangled
から(む) 絡 coil around; get entangled
かり 仮 temporary; provisional; false
か(り) 借 debt; loan; borrowing
か(り) 狩 hunting; gathering; picking; nature viewing
か(りる) 借 borrow; rent
か(る) 刈 cut; reap; trim; prune
か(る) 駆 drive (quickly); spur/urge on; impel
か(る) 狩 hunt; gather; pick
かる(い) 軽 light
かれ 彼 he; boyfriend
か(れる) 枯 wither; die; be seasoned
かろ(うじて) 辛 barely
かわ 河 river
かわ 川 river
かわ 革 leather
かわ 皮 skin; hide; leather; bark; rind
かわ 側 side
がわ 側 side
かわ(かす) 乾 dry
かわ(く) 乾 dry (up/out)
かわ(く) 渇 be parched; be thirsty; dry up
か(わす) 交 exchange (greetings/messages)
か(わり) 替 a replacement; an alternative; another (helping of
food etc.)
か(わる) 換 change
か(わる) 変 change
か(わる) 代 substitute (for); take the place (of)
か(わる) 替 replace; relieve/succeed (another)
かん 神 mysterious power; God; god
かんが(え) 考 thinking; thought; idea; opinion; suggestion;
intention; discretion; expectations; imagination
かんが(える) 考 think (of/about); think over; consider; reflect on;
prepare (for); intend to; expect (that);
imagine (that); contrive (to)
かんば(しい) 芳 fragrant
かんむり 冠 crown
き
き 黄 yellow
き 木 tree; wood
き 生 pure; undiluted
き(える) 消 go out; disappear
き(かす) 利 bring into effect
き(かせる) 利 bring into effect
き(く) 効 work well; be effective
き(く) 利 work (well/skillfully); be able to; be effective
き(く) 聞 hear; listen; ask
き(く) 聴 hear; listen; ask
き(こえる) 聞 be heard; be audible
きざ(し) 兆 sign; indication; omen
きざ(す) 兆 display signs/symptoms of
きざ(み) 刻 notching; carving
きざ(む) 刻 cut (fine); chop; notch; carve; engrave
きし 岸 bank; shore; coast
きず 傷 injury; wound; bruise; scratch; flaw; fault
きず(く) 築 build; construct
き(せる) 着 dress (another); cover; pin responsibility on
きそ(う) 競 compete (with)
きた 北 north
きた(える) 鍛 temper; forge; train; drill
きた(す) 来 cause; bring about
きたな(い) 汚 dirty; filthy; mean; base
きた(る) 来 next/the coming
きぬ 絹 silk
き(ばむ) 黄 (turn) yellow
きび(しい) 厳 severe; strict
き(まる) 決 be decided; be settled
きみ 君 you; ruler
き(める) 決 decide; settle
きも 肝 the liver; courage
きも 胆 gallbladder; courage; pluck
きよ(い) 清 pure; clean
きよ(まる) 清 be purified/cleaned
きよ(める) 清 purify; clean
きよ(らか) 清 pure; clean
きら(い) 嫌 disagreeable; unpleasant; antipathy
きら(う) 嫌 dislike; hate; unwilling to do
きり 霧 fog; mist; spray
き(り) 切 end (of a matter); limit; place to stop/leave off doing
き(る) 切 cut; chop; break; break off; stop; pause; turn off;
sell below cost; drain (off)
き(る) 着 put on; wear
き(れ) 切 a piece; a slice; piece of cloth
き(れる) 切 break; break off; snap; cut; wear out; wear off; be out
of; run out of; expire; be short of
きわ 際 edge; brink
きわ(まる) 極 come to an end; take to/be at an extreme
きわ(まる) 窮 come to an end; take to/be at an extreme
きわ(めて) 極 extremely
きわ(める) 極 go to the end; take to an extreme
きわ(める) 究 investigate; master
きわ(める) 窮 go to the end; take to an extreme
く
く(い) 悔 repentance; regret
く(いる) 悔 repent; regret
く(う) 食 eat; consume; make a living; (of an insect) bite;
absorb a blow; be scolded; lose (territory/market
share etc.); defeat
くき 茎 stalk; stem
くさ 草 grass; plants
くさ(い) 臭 smelly; reeking of
くさ(らす) 腐 (cause to) spoil; let rot
くさり 鎖 chain
くさ(る) 腐 rot; decay; go bad; be corroded; be corrupted
くさ(れる) 腐 rot; decay; go bad; be corroded; be corrupted
くじら 鯨 whale
くすり 薬 medicine; drug
くず(す) 崩 destroy; demolish; break; rout
くず(れる) 崩 collapse; crumble; fall apart; worsen; decline; be
routed
くせ 癖 habit; tendency; peculiarity; curl/kink (in the hair)
くだ 管 pipe; tube
くだ(く) 砕 break; smash; crush; rack one’s brains
くだ(ける) 砕 break; be broken/smashed/crushed; wane
くだ(さる) 下 give; do the favor of…
くだ(す) 下 lower; give; hand down (a decision); have diarrhea
くだ(る) 下 come/go down; leave the capital; be given/handed;
retire; surrender
くち 口 mouth; hole; entrance
くちびる 唇 lip; the lips
く(ちる) 朽 rot; decay
くつ 靴 shoe; footwear
くつがえ(す) 覆 overturn; capsize; disprove
くつがえ(る) 覆 overturn; capsize; overthrow; overrule; disprove
くに 国 country; land; state; nation; district; province; native
land
くば(る) 配 distribute; assign
くび 首 head; neck
くみ 組 group; set; suit; assortment; class; party; crew;
company
く(む) 組 put together; assemble; construct
く(む) 酌 pour (out) alcohol; drink
くも 雲 cloud
くも(り) 曇 cloudiness; frosted (glass); gloom
くも(る) 曇 become cloudy; grow dim; be gloomy
く(やみ) 悔 repentance; regret; condolences
く(やむ) 悔 repent; regret; mourn
くや(しい) 悔 mortifying; vexing; regrettable
くら 蔵 storehouse
くら 倉 storehouse
くら(い) 暗 dark; dim; gloomy; ignorant
くらい 位 (a) rank; the crown/throne
く(らう) 食 eat; drink; absorb a blow
く(らし) 暮 (a) living; livelihood
く(らす) 暮 live; make a living; spend time
くら(べる) 比 compare
く(らわす) 食 feed; strike (a blow)
く(る) 来 come
く(る) 繰 wind; reel; spin; leaf through; open (shutters)
くる(う) 狂 go mad/crazy; function improperly
くる(しい) 苦 painful; pressured; difficult; embarrassing
くる(しみ) 苦 pain; agony; hardship
くる(しむ) 苦 suffer (from); feel pain; be distressed/worried; be at a
loss; exert oneself
くる(しめる) 苦 cause pain/distress; torment
くるま 車 wheel; automobile; vehicle
く(れ) 暮 nightfall; sunset; (the) end
くれない 紅 deep red; crimson
く(れる) 暮 become dark; (of a season) come to an end
くろ 黒 black; dark
くろ(い) 黒 black; dark
くわ 桑 mulberry (tree)
くわ(える) 加 add; increase; join (in); inflict
くわ(しい) 詳 detail(s); detailed; familiarity
くわだ(てる) 企 plan; plot; attempt
くわ(わる) 加 increase; join (in)
け
け 毛 hair; fur; wool
けが(す) 汚 dirty; soil; disgrace; rape
けが(れる) 汚 be dirty; be stained; be corrupted; be raped
け(す) 消 extinguish; put out; turn off; erase; kill (off);
disappear
けず(る) 削 shave; plane; pare; erode; reduce; remove; erase;
delete; cut
けだもの 獣 beast; brute
けむり 煙 smoke; fumes
けむ(る) 煙 smoke; smolder; be dimly visible
けもの 獣 beast; brute
けわ(しい) 険 steep; severe; harsh
こ
こ 木 tree; wood
こ 粉 powder; dust
こ 子 child
こ 小 small; little
こい 恋 love
こ(い) 濃 dark/deep (color); thick; dense; strong (flavor)
こい(しい) 恋 beloved
こ(う) 恋 love/be in love
こ(う) 請 ask; request; beg
こう 神 mysterious power; God; god
こうば(しい) 香 fragrant; savory (smell)
こうむ(る) 被 suffer (an action); incur
こえ 肥 manure; night soil
こえ 声 sound; voice; rumor; reputation
こ(える) 越 clear (an obstacle); cross; go over/beyond; exceed
こ(える) 肥 grow fat; gain weight; (of soil) become fertile
こ(える) 超 exceed; surpass; go beyond
こおり 氷 ice
こお(る) 凍 freeze; be frozen (over)
こ(がす) 焦 burn; scorch; singe; char; burn/pine for
こ(がれる) 焦 crave; burn/pine for; be dying to; be deeply in love
こ(げる) 焦 be burnt/scorched/singed/charred; burn; scorch
こご(える) 凍 freeze; be frozen (over); chill; be chilled
ここの 九 nine
ここの(つ) 九 nine
こころ 心 heart; mind
こころざし 志 will; aim; intent; resolution; kindness; offering
こころざ(す) 志 aim (at/to); aspire; have one’s heart set on
こころ(みる) 試 attempt; try
こころよ(い) 快 pleasant; comfortable; refreshing; enjoyable
こし 腰 waist; hips; small of the back
こ(す) 越 cross; pass (time); exceed; move (house); go; come
こ(す) 超 exceed; surpass
こた(え) 答 answer; solution
こた(える) 答 answer; solve
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